| 翻訳と辞書 |
ARA Moreno
ARA ''Moreno'' was a dreadnought battleship designed by the American Fore River Shipbuilding Company for the Argentine Navy (''Armada de la República Argentina''). Named after Mariano Moreno, a key member of the first independent government of Argentina, the First Assembly (''Primera Junta''), ''Moreno'' was the second dreadnought of the , and the fourth built during the South American dreadnought race.
Argentina placed orders for ''Moreno'' and its only sister ship, , in reply to a Brazilian naval building program. During their construction, the two dreadnoughts were subject to numerous rumors involving Argentina selling the two battleships to a country engaged in the First World War, but these proved to be false. After ''Moreno'' was completed in March 1915, a series of engine problems occurred during the sea trials which delayed its delivery to Argentina to May 1915. The next decade saw the ship based in Puerto Belgrano as part of the Argentine Navy's First Division before sailing to the United States for an extensive refit in 1924 and 1925. During the 1930s the ship was occupied with diplomatic cruises to Brazil, Uruguay, and Europe until the Second World War broke out. During this time, ''Moreno'' was employed little as Argentina was neutral. Decommissioned in 1949, ''Moreno'' was scrapped in Japan beginning in 1957.
== Background ==
(詳細はPatagonia and Puna de Atacama along with control of the Beagle Channel. Naval races flared up in the 1890s and in 1902; the latter was eventually settled via British mediation. Provisions in the dispute-ending treaty imposed restrictions on both countries' navies. The United Kingdom's Royal Navy bought the two ''Constitución''-class pre-dreadnought battleships that were being built for Chile, and Argentina sold its two ''Rivadavia''-class armored cruisers under construction in Italy to Japan.〔Scheina, ''Naval History'', 45–52.〕〔Garrett, "Beagle Channel Dispute," 86–88.〕
After was commissioned, Brazil decided in early 1907 to halt three obsolescent pre-dreadnoughts which were under construction in favor of two or three dreadnoughts.〔Whitley, ''Battleships of World War Two'', 24.〕 These ships, which were designed to carry the heaviest battleship armament in the world at the time,〔"Germany may buy English warships," ''The New York Times'', 1 August 1908, C8.〕 came as an abrupt shock to the navies of South America,〔 and Argentina and Chile quickly canceled the 1902 armament-limiting pact.〔Livermore, "Battleship Diplomacy," 32.〕 Argentina in particular was alarmed at the possible power of the ships. The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Manuel Augusto Montes de Oca, remarked that even one ''Minas Geraes''-class ship could destroy the entire Argentine and Chilean fleets.〔Martins Filho, "Colossos do mares," 76.〕 While this may have been hyperbole, either one was much more powerful than any single vessel in the Argentine fleet.〔Scheina, "Argentina," 400.〕 Although debates raged in Argentina over whether it would be prudent to counter Brazil's purchase by acquiring their own dreadnoughts, which would cost upwards of two million pounds sterling, further border disputes—particularly near the River Plate with Brazil—decided the matter, and they ordered and ''Moreno'' from the Fore River Shipbuilding Company in the United States.〔Scheina, "Argentina," 401.〕〔Livermore, "Battleship Diplomacy," 33.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「ARA Moreno」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|